![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.kosiceregion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gotika_dom.png\")
Katedr\u00e1la v\u0161ak nie je jedin\u00fdm reprezentantom gotiky, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 na Slovensku \u0161pecifick\u00e9 postavenie. Po\u010das stredoveku bola Eur\u00f3pa rozdelen\u00e1 na dve \u010dasti. Z\u00e1padn\u00fd svet spadal pod spr\u00e1vu r\u00edmsko-katol\u00edckej cirkvi, \u00fazemia v\u00fdchodne od Ko\u0161\u00edc spadali pod vplyv Byzantskej r\u00ed\u0161e. Ko\u0161ick\u00fd regi\u00f3n tak tvor\u00ed hranicu pre gotick\u00e9 pamiatky a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je hranicou medzi stredovek\u00fdm v\u00fdchodom a z\u00e1padn\u00fdm svetom.<\/p>\n
\u201eV\u00fdnimo\u010dnos\u0165 gotiky na Slovensku je v po\u010dte zachovan\u00fdch umeleck\u00fdch diel, kr\u00eddlov\u00fdcholt\u00e1rov, soch\u00e1rskeho umenia aj architekt\u00fary,\u201c povedal historik umenia Peter Kres\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n
V\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed rozvoj v budovan\u00ed stredovek\u00fdch sakr\u00e1lnych stavieb na Slovensku prinieslo v 12. - 15. storo\u010d\u00ed po nemecky hovoriace obyvate\u013estvo, ktor\u00e9 za zv\u00fdhodnen\u00fdch podmienok os\u00edd\u013eovalo \u00fazemia vyplienen\u00e9 tat\u00e1rskymi vojskami. Boli to preva\u017ene ro\u013en\u00edci, remeseln\u00edci a ban\u00edci, ktor\u00ed si pod\u013ea Kres\u00e1nka so sebou priniesli aj kult\u00faru spojen\u00fa s budovan\u00edm chr\u00e1mov. Rozv\u00edjaj\u00face sa ban\u00edctvo a obchod boli spojen\u00e9 so zbohatnut\u00edm regi\u00f3nov ako Spi\u0161 \u010di Gemer. Aj na ich \u00fazemie boli poz\u00fdvan\u00ed majstri, v\u010faka ktor\u00fdm vzniklo mnoho hodnotn\u00fdch diel. V neskor\u0161om obdob\u00ed do\u0161lo k postupn\u00e9mu \u00fapadku ban\u00edctva, \u010do prinieslo menej invest\u00edci\u00ed do sakr\u00e1lnych stavieb a zachovania ich gotickej podoby po\u010das \u010fal\u0161\u00edch storo\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdchodn\u00e9 Slovensko pon\u00faka turistom spojenie niektor\u00fdch zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch gotick\u00fdch pamiatok \u2013 Gotick\u00fa cestu<\/strong>. Bola vytvoren\u00e1 ako prv\u00e1 tematicko- pozn\u00e1vacia cesta na Slovensku. Turistick\u00fd okruh rozdelen\u00fd do \u0161tyroch men\u0161\u00edch \u010dast\u00ed sp\u00e1ja najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161ie a najcennej\u0161ie poklady regi\u00f3nov Spi\u0161 a Gemer. Hnedo- biele zna\u010dky so znakom v tvare gotickej klenby ukazuj\u00fa cestu k jednotliv\u00fdm pamiatkam. Hrady a z\u00e1mky sl\u00fa\u017eia ako m\u00faze\u00e1, maj\u00fa pravideln\u00e9 otv\u00e1racie hodiny s profesion\u00e1lnym v\u00fdkladom. Katedr\u00e1ly a kostoly s\u00fa pre verejnos\u0165 otvoren\u00e9 po\u010das om\u0161\u00ed a obradov. N\u00e1v\u0161teva sa d\u00e1 zariadi\u0165 cez miestne turistick\u00e9 centr\u00e1, av\u0161ak odpor\u00fa\u010da sa zarezervova\u0165 si prehliadku vopred. Na prepravu medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi pamiatkami je najv\u00fdhodnej\u0161ie pou\u017ei\u0165 auto, ke\u010f\u017ee verejn\u00e1 doprava je obmedzen\u00e1 a komplikovan\u00e1.<\/p>\n \u201eHlavn\u00e9 n\u00e1mestie v Ro\u017e\u0148ave je najstar\u0161ie a najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie stredovek\u00e9 n\u00e1mestie so \u0161tvorcov\u00fdm p\u00f4dorysom na Slovensku,\u201c hovor\u00ed turistick\u00fd sprievodca \u0160tefan Kesi. Najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ou pamiatkou Ro\u017e\u0148avy je biskupsk\u00e1 Katedr\u00e1la Nanebovzatia Panny M\u00e1rie<\/strong> nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faca sa v severoz\u00e1padnom rohu n\u00e1mestia. Spredu kostol vyzer\u00e1 ako jedna kon\u0161trukcia s ve\u017eou, av\u0161ak pri poh\u013eade zboku je vidite\u013en\u00e9, \u017ee kostol a ve\u017ea so zvonicou stoja samostatne.<\/p>\n Kostol bol dokon\u010den\u00fd v roku 1304 a klasick\u00e1 barokov\u00e1 zvonica bola pristavan\u00e1 a\u017e o takmer p\u00e4\u0165 storo\u010d\u00ed nesk\u00f4r. Interi\u00e9r gotick\u00e9ho kostola je pln\u00fd malieb, z ktor\u00fdch najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ou je tabu\u013eov\u00e1 ma\u013eba sv\u00e4tej Anny Samotretej, naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 Metercia z roku 1513. Zobrazuje tri sv\u00e4t\u00e9 osoby, ale zauj\u00edmavej\u0161ie je pozadie na obraze. Nie je zlat\u00e9 ako na in\u00fdch dielach z tohto obdobia, ale zobrazuje bansk\u00e9 v\u00fdjavy z r\u00f4znych miest v okol\u00ed Ro\u017e\u0148avy. \u201eJe to najstar\u0161ie vyobrazenie dobov\u00e9ho ban\u00edctva,\u201c povedal Kesi. \u201eTento obraz bol vystaven\u00fd na mnoh\u00fdch medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch v\u00fdstav\u00e1ch a pri\u0165ahuje zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch turistov,\u201c dodal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie kostoly v okol\u00ed Ro\u017e\u0148avy reprezentuj\u00fa v\u00fdnimo\u010dnos\u0165 slovenskej gotiky s kvalitou dosahuj\u00facou eur\u00f3psku \u00farove\u0148.<\/p>\n \u201eNa \u00fazem\u00ed p\u00e1r kilometrov sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa tri stredovek\u00e9 kostoly s jedn\u00fdmi z najhodnotnej\u0161\u00edch freskov\u00fdch v\u00fdzdob na Slovensku,\u201c povedal historik \u0160tefan Podolinsk\u00fd. Dodal, \u017ee okrem kostolov v \u0160t\u00edtniku<\/strong>, Koce\u013eovciach <\/strong>a Ochtinej<\/strong> je \u010fal\u0161\u00ed ranogotick\u00fd v Ro\u0161t\u00e1ri<\/strong>. \u0160t\u00edtnik sl\u00fa\u017ei ako pr\u00edklad prepojenia medzi nemeck\u00fdmi predkami, ban\u00edctvom a gotickou architekt\u00farou. Bol zalo\u017een\u00fd v 13. storo\u010d\u00ed ako ban\u00edcka osada. Evanjelick\u00fd kostol predstavuje mas\u00edvnu stavbu, ktor\u00e1 dominuje obci aj cel\u00e9mu okoliu.<\/p>\n N\u00e1stenn\u00e9 ma\u013eby vytvoren\u00e9 preva\u017ene talianskou freskovou technikou p\u00f4vodne pokr\u00fdvali v\u0161etky vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 steny kostola. Boli vytvoren\u00e9 postupne po\u010das minim\u00e1lne troch r\u00f4znych obdob\u00ed a zobrazuj\u00fa n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 v\u00fdjavy zo \u017eivota Je\u017ei\u0161a, Apokalypsu a sv. Barboru \u2013 patr\u00f3nku ban\u00edkov.<\/p>\n Severoz\u00e1padne od Ko\u0161\u00edc sa nach\u00e1dza Spi\u0161sk\u00e1 Nov\u00e1 Ves<\/strong> - centrum regi\u00f3nu Spi\u0161. R\u00edmskokatol\u00edcky Kostol Nanebovzatia Panny M\u00e1rie<\/strong> je vidite\u013en\u00fd u\u017e z dia\u013eky, a to v\u010faka svojej 87 metrov vysokej neogotickej ve\u017ei. T\u00e1to najvy\u0161\u0161ia kostoln\u00e1 ve\u017ea na Slovensku je pr\u00edstupn\u00e1 pre verejnos\u0165. M\u00e1 sedem hodinov\u00fdch cifern\u00edkov, ktor\u00e9 poh\u00e1\u0148a jedin\u00fd hodinov\u00fd stroj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V kostole sa nach\u00e1dza aj bronzov\u00e1 krstite\u013enica z roku 1549, ktorej \u010das\u0165 pripisuj\u00fa prvej gotickej zvonolej\u00e1rskej dielni na Spi\u0161i zalo\u017eenej Majstrom Konr\u00e1dom. P\u00f4vodn\u00fd gotick\u00fd hlavn\u00fd olt\u00e1r bol v roku 1621 nahraden\u00fd in\u00fdm, renesan\u010dn\u00fdm. \u010eal\u0161ie turisticky zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 miesta na dolnom Spi\u0161i s\u00fa napr\u00edklad kostol\u00edky v Odor\u00edne<\/strong> (rom\u00e1nsko- gotick\u00e1 stavba s reprezentat\u00edvnym port\u00e1lom), Chrasti nad Horn\u00e1dom<\/strong> (unik\u00e1tna rotunda s p\u00f4vodne \u0161tyrmi apsidami), V\u00edtkovciach<\/strong> (ranogotick\u00e1 stavba s freskami) alebo v \u017dehre<\/strong>. Medzi pamiatky Gotickej cesty patria aj zn\u00e1me miesta ako Spi\u0161sk\u00fd hrad<\/strong>, hrad Kr\u00e1sna H\u00f4rka<\/strong> a ka\u0161tie\u013e v Betliari<\/strong> a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v pre\u0161ovskom regi\u00f3ne.<\/p>\n","_sk_post_name":"kosicky-region-gotika","_sk_post_excerpt":"","_sk_post_title":"Ko\u0161ick\u00fd regi\u00f3n: Gotika","_en_post_content":"\n The architectural diversity of Slovakia is the most visible through its castles, but fewer tourists take note of the gothic art in the form of altars and table paintings that are among the richest in Europe. The Ko\u0161ice region is the easternmost boundary of gothic architecture. St Elizabeth\u2019s Cathedral in Ko\u0161ice is Slovakia\u2019s biggest church with a main altar as well as a stone portal that are among the most precious artworks dating from its era.<\/p>\n St Elizabeth\u2019s Cathedral<\/strong> is not only a leading representative of gothic architecture, but is representative of the division between the Catholic and Byzantine worlds that began during the Middle Ages. In short, everything east of Ko\u0161ice, fell under Byzantine influence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cThe excellence of the preserved gothic buildings in Slovakia is evident in the number of surviving works of art, winged altars, sculptures and the murals and architecture,\u201d said art historian Peter Kres\u00e1nek. <\/p>\n The German-speaking population brought with its mediaeval sacral constructions between the 12th and 15th centuries as they repopulated areas wiped out by the Tatar armies. They were predominantly farmers, craft people and miners who, according to Kres\u00e1nek, brought with them their culture of building churches. The thriving mining and commerce brought more money to the Spi\u0161 and Gemer regions and thus the locals were able to invite master builders. Later, mining gradually declined, which resulted in fewer investments into sacred buildings.<\/p>\n Eastern Slovakia offers tourists a unique way to visit some interesting gothic monuments. The Gothic Route<\/strong> was established as the first thematic-cognitive route in Slovakia. It is a tourism circle divided into four smaller circles that connect at the most interesting sites in the Spi\u0161 and Gemer regions. Brown and white signs with pictograms in shape of gothic arches point the way to individual monuments. Castles and manor houses serve as museums, with regular opening hours and professional guides. Cathedrals and churches are open to public mostly during services. Generally, visits can be arranged in advance through local tourist offices, however booking in advance is recommended. It is best to use a car for travelling between small villages because public transport is complicated and infrequent.<\/p>\n \u201cRo\u017e\u0148ava\u2019s main square is the oldest and biggest mediaeval square with a square plan in Slovakia\u201d said tourist guide \u0160tefan Kesi. The town\u2019s most important gothic construction is the Bishop\u2019s Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary<\/strong>. From the front, the church looks like one structure with a tower. But looking from the side, tourists can see that the bell tower and church are separate constructions.<\/p>\n The church was finished in 1304 and a classic baroque bell tower was added almost five centuries later. The interior of the church is full of murals, but the most important is a panel painting of St Anna Samotretia, dating from 1513 and called Metercia. It features three holy persons.<\/p>\n \u201cInteresting is the background of the painting,\u201d Kesi said. \u201cIt is not golden like other works from this period. Instead, it shows mining scenes from various places around Ro\u017e\u0148ava. It is the oldest contemporary representation of mining.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Churches in the small villages surrounding Ro\u017e\u0148ava are excellent gothic examples as well.<\/p>\n \u201cIn the area of few kilometres, there are three mediaeval churches and one of the most valuable frescoes in Slovakia,\u201d said historian \u0160tefan Podolinsk\u00fd, adding that besides in \u0160t\u00edtnik<\/strong>, Koce\u013eovce<\/strong> and Ochtin\u00e1<\/strong> there is yet another early gothic church in Ro\u0161t\u00e1r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n \u0160t\u00edtnik serves as an example of connection between German \u00e9migr\u00e9s, mining and gothic architecture. It was settled in the 13th century as a mining borough. The protestant church is a massive gothic building that dominates the town and its surroundings. Murals drawn largely employing the Italian fresco technique originally covered all the interior walls of the church. They were created gradually in at least three different periods and represent different religious scenes including life of Jesus, the Apocalypse and also painting of St Barbara \u2013 the patron saint of miners.<\/p>\n Northwest of Ko\u0161ice is Spi\u0161sk\u00e1 Nov\u00e1 Ves<\/strong> \u2013 the centre of Spi\u0161 region. The Roman Catholic Church of The Ascension of the Virgin Mary<\/b> is visible from afar thanks to its 87-metre-high neo-gothic tower. This tallest church tower in Slovakia is open to public. It has seven clock faces driven by a single set of clockwork. The church also has a bronze baptismal font from 1549, part of which historians attribute to the first gothic bell-foundry workshop in Spi\u0161, founded by Master Konr\u00e1d. The original gothic main altar was replaced in 1621 by another Renaissance altar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n More examples in the Spi\u0161 region are churches in Odor\u00edn<\/strong> (romanesque-gothic building with representative portals), Chras\u0165 nad Horn\u00e1dom<\/strong> (unique rotunda with four apses), V\u00edtkovce<\/strong> (early gothic building with frescoes), \u017dehra<\/strong> (its Church of the Holy Spirit is on the UNESCO World Heritage List as part of the \u201cLevo\u010da, Spi\u0161 Castle and Associated Cultural Monuments\u201d grouping). Also part of the gothic route are more well-known places like Spi\u0161 Castle<\/strong>, Castle Kr\u00e1sna H\u00f4rka<\/strong> and the Manor House in Betliar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","_en_post_name":"kosice-region-gothic","_en_post_excerpt":"","_en_post_title":"Ko\u0161ice Region: Gothic","_hu_post_content":"","_hu_post_name":"","_hu_post_excerpt":"","_hu_post_title":"","_es_post_content":"","_es_post_name":"","_es_post_excerpt":"","_es_post_title":"","_de_post_content":"","_de_post_name":"","_de_post_excerpt":"","_de_post_title":"","_pl_post_content":"","_pl_post_name":"","_pl_post_excerpt":"","_pl_post_title":"","_it_post_content":"","_it_post_name":"","_it_post_excerpt":"","_it_post_title":"","edit_language":"hu","footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[57,79,68,71,69,67,84,72,74,48,77,83,75,78,76,60,70,59,82,73,80,81],"class_list":["post-1903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-theme","tag-banictvo","tag-chrast-nad-hornadom","tag-dom-sv-alzbety","tag-gemer","tag-goticka-cesta","tag-gotika","tag-kastiel-betliar","tag-katedrala-nanebovzatia-panny-marie","tag-kocelovce","tag-kosice","tag-kostol-nanebovzatia-panny-marie","tag-krasna-horka","tag-ochtina","tag-odorin","tag-rostar","tag-roznava","tag-spis","tag-spisska-nova-ves","tag-spissky-hrad","tag-stitnik","tag-vitkovce","tag-zehra"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.kosiceregion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gotika_roznava.jpg\")
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